Soak the Cashews: Place the raw cashews in a bowl and pour boiling water over them until completely covered. Let them stand for 15 minutes, then drain and rinse thoroughly.
Prepare the Vegetables: While the cashews soak, finely chop the onion, roughly chop the garlic, and cut the cauliflower into large florets. Prepare the fresh herbs and remaining ingredients so everything is ready before cooking.
Make the Bouquet Garni: Use kitchen twine to securely tie the thyme sprigs, rosemary sprig, and bay leaf together into a small bundle.
Sauté the Onion: Heat the olive oil in a large Dutch oven or soup pot over medium heat.Add the onion with a pinch of salt and cook for 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the onion becomes golden brown. If it begins browning too quickly, add a splash of water. Cook the Garlic: Add the roughly chopped garlic to the golden onion and cook for 2–3 minutes, stirring frequently, until fragrant.
Deglaze the Pot: Pour in some of the vegetable broth and stir thoroughly, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pot.
Add the Soup Ingredients: Pour in the remaining vegetable broth and water. Add the soaked cashews, cauliflower florets, drained cannellini beans, nutritional yeast, kosher salt, and freshly cracked black pepper to taste. Stir everything together. Add the Herbs: Gently tuck the bouquet garni into the broth. The cauliflower does not need to be completely submerged because it will cook down as the soup simmers. Simmer the Soup: Bring the soup to a boil, then reduce the heat to maintain a rapid simmer.Cook for 15 minutes, or until the cauliflower is tender and soft. Remove the Bouquet Garni: Once the cauliflower is fully tender, carefully remove the thyme, rosemary, and bay leaf bundle from the pot.
Blend the Soup: Transfer the soup to a stand blender in two batches. Remove the blender’s center cap and cover the opening with a dish towel to allow steam to escape. Blend until the soup is completely smooth, thick, and creamy. An immersion blender can also be used, although the resulting texture will not be as smooth. Adjust the Seasoning: Taste the blended soup and adjust the salt and black pepper as needed. Add more salt at this stage if necessary.
Finish the Soup: Ladle the hot soup into bowls. Before serving, grate fresh lemon zest over each portion, scatter with crushed red pepper flakes or Aleppo pepper, and drizzle with good-quality extra virgin olive oil.
Serve: Serve the creamy cauliflower soup with bread if desired.